Research

NCIS data users, including core funding agencies, third party researchers and data report recipients, produce research and publications using NCIS data, and may apply to have publications listed on the NCIS website.

Publications may be listed under multiple categories. The NCIS Unit does not provide further comment on these publications. For further information, contact the author(s).

Research publications cited include reference to coronial cases. If you or someone you care for is in need of assistance, support services are available.

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Recent publications

The NCIS Unit adds new citations to this page on a regular basis. The most recently added publications are listed here and under the relevant sections below.

Citations added October 2024

Australian Senate (2024). Missing and murdered First Nations women and children. [online] Canberra: Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee. Available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Legal_and_Constitutional_Affairs/FirstNationswomenchildren/Report (External link) [Accessed 3 Sep. 2024].

Darke, S., Duflou,J., Chrzanowska, A., Farrell, M., Lappin, J. and Peacock, A. (2024). Changes in the rates and characteristics of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)‐related death in Australia, 2001–2023. Drug and Alcohol Review. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13940 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., McDonald, S., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2024). Neuropathology of deaths due to acute alcohol toxicity in Australia, 2011-2022. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 263. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111407 (External link).

Fitzpatrick, S.J., Handley, T., Powell, N., Read, D., Inder, K.J., Perkins, D. and Brew, B.K. (2021). Suicide in rural Australia: A retrospective study of mental health problems, health-seeking and service utilisation. PLOS ONE, 16(7). doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245271 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2018). Fatal shark attacks on divers in Australia, 1960–2017. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 48(4), pp.224–228. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm48.4.224-228 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2019). Snorkelling and breath-hold diving fatalities in Australia, 2001 to 2013. Demographics, characteristics and chain of events. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 49(3), pp.192–203. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm49.3.192-203 (External link).

Lippmann, J., Stevenson, C. and McD Taylor, D. (2020). Scuba diving fatalities in Australia, 2001 to 2013: Diver demographics and characteristics. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 50(2), pp.105–114. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm50.2.105-114 (External link).

Sarkar, R., Bassed, R. and Emeritus Joan Ozanne-Smith (2024). 506 Data bias and gaps in the standardized measurement of family violence homicide and its injuries in Victoria. pp.A107.2-A107. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2024-safety.255 (External link).

Schaffer, A.L., Buckley, N.A., Schumann, J., Lim, J.S., Cairns, R., Raubenheimer, J., Pearson, S.-A. and Chitty, K. (2024). Patterns of medicine use in the year prior to death by suicide: an Australian population-based case series study. EClinicalMedicine, 77, pp.102858–102858. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102858 (External link).

Sheed, A., Brandt, C. and McEwan, T.E. (2024). The Relationship Between Stalking, Homicide, and Coercive Control in an Australian Population. Homicide Studies. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/10887679241268032 (External link).

Stronach, O., Dietze, P., Livingston, M. and Roxburgh, A. (2024). 20-year trends in Australian methamphetamine-related deaths, 2001–2020. International Journal of Drug Policy, 131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104548 (External link).

Core funder publications

Publications produced by NCIS funding agencies using NCIS data

Australian Institute of Criminology

NCIS data is used to inform annual reporting from the Australian Institute of Criminology (External link) regarding homicide deaths and deaths in custody. For specific details of these publications, refer to the National Homicide Monitoring Program (External link) and National Deaths in Custody Program (External link).

Australian Institute of Criminology (2015). Indigenous and non-Indigenous homicide in Australia. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/rip/rip37 (External link) [Accessed 27 Mar. 2023].

Boxall, H., Doherty, L., Lawler, S., Franks, C. and Bricknell, S. (2022). The ‘Pathways to intimate partner homicide’ project: Key stages and events in male-perpetrated intimate partner homicide in Australia. [online] New South Wales: Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety. Available at: https://www.anrows.org.au/project/pathways-to-intimate-partner-homicide/ (External link) [Accessed 31 Jul. 2023].

Cussen, T. and Bryant, W. (2015). Domestic/family homicide in Australia. Research in practice no. 38. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/rip/rip38 (External link) [Accessed 27 November 2023].

Doherty, L. and Bricknell, S. (2020). Shooting deaths in police custody. Statistical Bulletin no. 19. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/sb/sb19 (External link) [Accessed 27 November 2023].

Ferguson, C., Doley, R.M., Watt, B.D., Lyneham, M. and Payne, J. (2015). Arson-associated homicide in Australia: A five year follow-up. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi484 (External link) [Accessed 27 Mar. 2023].

Gannoni, A. and Bricknell, S. (2019). Indigenous deaths in custody: 25 years since the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/sb/sb17 (External link) [Accessed 9 Aug. 2023].

Lyneham, M. and Chan, A. (2013). Deaths in custody in Australia to 30 June 2011: twenty years of monitoring by the National Deaths in Custody Program since the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/mr/mr20 (External link) [Accessed 28 Nov. 2023].

Lyneham, M., Chan, A., Willis, M. and McDonald, H. (2016). Prisoner-on-prisoner homicides in Australia: 1980 to 2011. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi517 (External link) [Accessed 9 Aug. 2023].

Lyneham, M. and Hewitt-Rau, A. (2013). Motor vehicle pursuit-related fatalities in Australia, 2000–11. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice no. 452. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi452 (External link) [Accessed 28 Nov. 2023].

Willis, M., Baker, A., Cussen, T. and Patterson, E. (2016). Self-inflicted deaths in Australian prisons. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Available at: https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi513 (External link) [Accessed 9 Aug. 2023].

Safe Work Australia

NCIS data is used to inform annual reporting from Safe Work Australia (External link) regarding work-related deaths. For specific details of these publications, refer to the Key work health and safety statistics (External link) and Traumatic injury fatalities (External link) publications.

Safe Work Australia (2016). Work health and safety in the agriculture industry. [online] Safe Work Australia. Available at: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/resources-and-publications/statistical-reports/work-health-and-safety-agriculture-industry (External link) [Accessed 28 Nov. 2023].

Safe Work Australia (2020). Work health and safety in the road freight transport industry. [online] Safe Work Australia. Available at: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/resources-and-publications/statistical-reports/work-health-and-safety-road-freight-transport-industry (External link) [Accessed 28 Nov. 2023].

Research publications

Publications produced by NCIS data users, including third party researchers and data report recipients

Animal-related fatalities

Australian Skills Quality Authority (2015). Training in equine programs in Australia. [online] Australian Skills Quality Authority. Available at: https://www.asqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/Strategic_Review_Report_2015_Training_in_equine_programs_in_Australia.pdf (External link) [Accessed 31 Jan. 2023].

Johnston, C.I., Ryan, N.M., Page, C.B., Buckley, N.A., Brown, S.G., O’Leary, M.A. and Isbister, G.K. (2017). The Australian Snakebite Project, 2005–2015 (ASP‐20). Medical Journal of Australia, 207(3), pp.119–125. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00094 (External link).

Peachey, K.-L. and Lower, T. (2023). Fatal Animal Related Incidents on Australian Farms - a 20-Year Review. Journal of Agromedicine, 28(3), pp.553–560. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2023.2171523 (External link).

Welton, R.E., Liew, D. and Braitberg, G. (2017). Incidence of fatal snake bite in Australia: A coronial based retrospective study (2000–2016). Toxicon, [online] 131, pp.11–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.03.008 (External link).

Welton, R.E., Williams, D.J. and Liew, D. (2017). Injury trends from envenoming in Australia, 2000-2013. Internal Medicine Journal, [online] 47(2), pp.170–176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13297 (External link).

Assault and family violence

NCIS data is used to inform annual reporting from the Australian Institute of Criminology (External link) regarding homicide deaths. See Core funder publications for further information.

Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety (2022). Intimate partner violence homicides 2010–2018. [online] New South Wales: Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety. Available at: https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2022-02/apo-nid316709.pdf (External link) [Accessed 2 Aug. 2023].

Cripps, K. (2023). Indigenous women and intimate partner homicide in Australia: confronting the impunity of policing failures. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, pp.1–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2023.2205625 (External link).

Fitzpatrick, S.J., Brew, B.K., Handley, T. and Perkins, D. (2022). Men, suicide, and family and interpersonal violence: A mixed methods exploratory study. Sociology of Health & Illness, 44(6), pp. 991-1008. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13476 (External link).

Murphy, B., Bugeja, L., Pilgrim, J. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2017). Deaths from Resident-to-Resident Aggression in Australian Nursing Homes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(12), pp.2603–2609. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15051 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L., Gerostamoulos, D. and Drummer, O.H. (2014). ‘King hit’ fatalities in Australia, 2000–2012: The role of alcohol and other drugs. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 135, pp.119–132. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.11.019 (External link).

Sarkar, R., Bassed, R., Dipnall, J.F. and Ozanne-Smith, J. (2021). Orofacial injuries in child family homicide: a population study. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, 17(4), pp.553–564. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-021-00402-z (External link).

Sarkar, R., Dipnall, J.F., Bassed, R. and Ozanne-Smith AO, J. (2021). Family violence homicide rates: a state-wide comparison of three data sources in Victoria, Australia. Health Information Management Journal. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/18333583211060464 (External link).

Sarkar, R., Ozanne-Smith, J. and Bassed, R. (2019). Methods in population study of orofacial injuries in Victorian family violence homicides. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, 16(1), pp.78–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-019-00183-6 (External link).

Schumann, J.L., Sarkar, R., Grbic, M., Drummer, O.H., Gerostamoulos, D., Iles, L. and Bassed, R. (2023). Changing trends and characteristics of one punch deaths in Australia (2012–2018). Forensic Science International, [online] 345, p.111621. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111621 (External link).

Willoughby, M., Young, J.T., Borschmann, R., Spittal, M.J., Keen, C., Hail-Jares, K., Patton, G., Sawyer, S.M. and Kinner, S.A. (2023). Violence-related death in young Australians after contact with the youth justice system: a data linkage study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, [online] p.8862605231169490. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605231169490 (External link).

Willoughby, M., Young, J.T., Hail-Jares, K., Spittal, M.J., Borschmann, R., Patton, G., Sawyer, S.M., Janca, E., Teplin, L., Heffernan, E. and Kinner, S.A. (2021). Circumstances and toxicology of violence-related deaths among young people who have had contact with the youth justice system: a data linkage study. BMC Public Health, 21(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12244-z (External link).

Care, custody and policing

NCIS data is used to inform annual reporting from the Australian Institute of Criminology (External link) regarding deaths in custody. See Core funder publications for further information.

Aitken, G., Demosthenous, A., Bugeja, L., Willoughby, M., Young, C. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2018). Coroners’ recommendations for prevention of resident deaths in aged care: The role of primary care providers. Australian Journal of General Practice, 47(5), pp.314–317. doi:https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.587602139634058 (External link).

Aitken, G., Murphy, B., Pilgrim, J., Bugeja, L., Ranson, D. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2017). Frequency of forensic toxicological analysis in external cause deaths among nursing home residents: an analysis of trends. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology, 13(1), pp.52–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-016-9830-9 (External link).

Bellenger, E., Ibrahim, J.E., Bugeja, L. and Kennedy, B. (2017). Physical restraint deaths in a 13-year national cohort of nursing home residents. Age and Ageing, 46(4), pp.688-693. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw246 (External link).

Bugeja, L., Woolford, M.H., Willoughby, M., Ranson, D. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2017). Frequency and nature of coroners’ recommendations from injury-related deaths among nursing home residents: a retrospective national cross-sectional study. Injury Prevention, 24(6), pp.418–423. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042370 (External link).

Holmes, A.L., Bugeja, L., Young, C. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2019). Deaths due to thermal injury from cigarette smoking in a 13‐year national cohort of nursing home residents. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 14(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/opn.12233 (External link).

Ibrahim, J.E., Bugeja, L., Willoughby, M., Bevan, M., Kipsaina, C., Young, C., Pham, T. and Ranson, D.L. (2017). Premature deaths of nursing home residents: an epidemiological analysis. Medical Journal of Australia, 206(10), pp.442–447. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja16.00873 (External link).

Ibrahim, J.E., Murphy, B.J., Bugeja, L. and Ranson, D. (2015). Nature and Extent of External-Cause Deaths of Nursing Home Residents in Victoria, Australia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(5), pp.954–962. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13377 (External link).

Murphy, B.J., Bugeja, L.C., Pilgrim, J.L. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2018). Suicide among nursing home residents in Australia: A national population-based retrospective analysis of medico-legal death investigation information. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(5), pp.786–796. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4862 (External link).

Walsh, T. and Counter, A. (2019). Deaths in custody in Australia: a quantitative analysis of coroners’ reports. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 31(2), pp.143–163. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2019.1603831 (External link).

Willoughby, M., Kipsaina, C., Ferrah, N., Bugeja, L., Winbolt, M. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2017). A greater risk of premature death in residential respite care: a national cohort study. Age and Ageing, 47(2), pp.226–233. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afx177 (External link).

Woolford, M.H., Bugeja, L., Weller, C., Johnson, M., Chong, D. and Ibrahim, J.E. (2018). Unexplained absence resulting in deaths of nursing home residents in Australia-A 13-year retrospective study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(8), pp.1082–1089. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4896 (External link).

Coronial systems

Bosco, E., Ranson, D., Langlois, N. and Hawkins, J. (2023). An investigation of the coronial jurisdictions of Australia for the relationship between the cause of death provided on a post-mortem examination report and the corresponding coronial finding when the cause of death was determined, indeterminate and undetermined. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2023.2252475 (External link).

Dartnall, S. and Goodman-Delahunty, J. (2016). The coronial investigation of suspected deaths: Prevalence and outcomes in New South Wales. Journal of Law and Medicine, [online] 23(3), pp.609–627. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27323638/ (External link) [Accessed 22 Mar. 2023].

Dodds, L., Robinson, K.M., Daking, L. and Paul, L. (2014). The Concept of ‘Intent’ within Australian Coronial Data: Factors Affecting the National Coronial Information System’s Classification of Mortality Attributable to Intentional Self-Harm. Health Information Management Journal, 43(3), pp.13–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/183335831404300302 (External link).

Langlois, N.E.I., Sully, C.J. and Edwards, S. (2019). Turnaround time data for Coronial autopsies – time to complete forensic post-mortem examination reports and influencing factors for Australia and New Zealand in 2015 and 2010. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, [online] 15(1), pp.56–66. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12024-018-0074-8 (External link) [Accessed 29 Jun. 2019].

Leske, S., Weir, B., Adam, G. and Kõlves, K. (2024). Why Do We Agree to Disagree? Agreement and Reasons for Disagreement in Judgements of Intentional Self-Harm from Coroners and a Suicide Register in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2015. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, [online] 21(1), p.52. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21010052 (External link).

Lilley, R., Davie, G. and Wilson, S. (2015). An evaluation of case completeness for New Zealand Coronial case files held on the Australasian National Coronial Information System (NCIS). Injury Prevention, 22(5), pp.358–360. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041837 (External link).

Matteucci, L., Naylor, C. and Langlois, N. (2023). Investigation of changing forensic pathology workloads over time, in coronial jurisdictions of Australia. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2023.2252467 (External link).

Nie, L., Davie, G. and Lilley, R. (2021). Factors related to absence of toxicological investigation following fatal injury: a retrospective quantitative review of Coronial records in New Zealand. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, 17, pp.643–648. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-021-00422-9 (External link).

Spake, L. (2016). Selecting an appropriate reference sample for juvenile age estimation methods in a forensic context. [online] summit.sfu.ca. Available at: https://summit.sfu.ca/item/16439 (External link) [Accessed 21 Mar. 2023].

Studdert, D.M., Walter, S.J., Kemp, C. and Sutherland, G. (2016). Duration of death investigations that proceed to inquest in Australia. Injury Prevention, 22(5), pp.314–320. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041933 (External link).

Drowning and water

Chang, S.S.M. and Ozanne-Smith, J. (2019). Drowning mortality in children aged 0–14 years in Victoria, Australia: detailed epidemiological study 2001–2016. Injury Prevention, 26(6), pp.593–598. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043307 (External link).

Franklin, R.C., Pearn, J.H. and Peden, A.E. (2017). Drowning fatalities in childhood: the role of pre-existing medical conditions. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 102(10), pp.888–893. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-312684 (External link).

Franklin, R.C., Peden, A.E., Brander, R.W. and Leggat, P.A. (2019). Who rescues who? Understanding aquatic rescues in Australia using coronial data and a survey. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 43(5), pp.477–483. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12900 (External link).

Haynes, K., Coates, L., van den Honert, R., Gissing, A., Bird, D., Dimer de Oliveira, F., D’Arcy, R., Smith, C. and Radford, D. (2017). Exploring the circumstances surrounding flood fatalities in Australia—1900–2015 and the implications for policy and practice. Environmental Science & Policy, 76, pp.165–176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.07.003 (External link).

Jenkins, B., Read, D.J., McDermott, K., Ward, L.M. and Treacy, P.J. (2017). In the Drink: A Review of Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Water-Related Activities in the Top End region, Northern Territory, Australia. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, [online] 32(S1), pp.e2–e2. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X17006628 (External link).

Kelly, S., Daw, S. and Lawes, J.C. (2024). Beyond drowning: Characteristics, trends, the impact of exposure on unintentional non-drowning coastal fatalities between 2012 and 22. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, [online] p.100113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100113 (External link).

Koon, W. (2024). Expanding the evidence base for the prevention of coastal drowning. [online] Available at: https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/entities/publication/280d241b-94f6-4664-9992-85a63687ed9f (External link) [Accessed 13 Feb. 2024].

Koon, W., Brander, R.W., Dusek, G., Castelle, B. and Lawes, J.C. (2023). Relationships between the tide and fatal drowning at surf beaches in New South Wales, Australia: Implications for coastal safety management and practice. Ocean & Coastal Management, 238, p.106584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106584 (External link).

Koon, W.A., Peden, A.E., Lawes, J.C. and Brander, R.W. (2023). Mortality trends and the impact of exposure on Australian coastal drowning deaths, 2004–2021. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, [online] 47(2), p.100034. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100034 (External link).

Lawes, J.C., Koon, W., Berg, I., Dion and Peden, A.E. (2023). The epidemiology, risk factors and impact of exposure on unintentional surfer and bodyboarder deaths. PLOS ONE, 18(5), pp.e0285928–e0285928. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285928 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2020). Rescue and resuscitation factors in scuba diving and snorkeling fatalities in Australia, 2001-2013. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, 47(1), pp.101–109. doi:https://doi.org/10.22462/01.03.2020.11 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2021). Fatalities involving divers using surface-supplied breathing apparatus in Australia, 1965 to 2019. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 51(1), pp.53–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm51.1.53-62 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2022). A review of snorkelling and scuba diving fatalities in Queensland, Australia, 2000 to 2019. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 52(2), pp.108–118. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm52.2.108-118 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2023). Snorkelling and breath-hold diving fatalities in Australian waters, 2014 to 2018. Diving and hyperbaric medicine, 53(3), pp.210–217. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm53.3.210-217 (External link).

Lippmann, J., Lawrence, C. and Davis, M. (2021). Scuba diving-related fatalities in New Zealand, 2007 to 2016. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 51(4), pp.345–354. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm51.4.345-354 (External link).

Lippmann, J., Lawrence, C. and Davis, M. (2021). Snorkelling and breath-hold diving fatalities in New Zealand, 2007 to 2016. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 51(1), pp.25–33. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm51.1.25-33 (External link).

Lippmann, J., Lawrence, C. and Fock, A. (2023). Compressed gas diving fatalities in Australian waters 2014 to 2018. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, 53(2), pp.76–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm53.2.76-84 (External link).

Lippmann, J. and McD Taylor, D. (2020). Medical conditions in scuba diving fatality victims in Australia, 2001 to 2013. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 50(2), pp.98–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm50.2.98-104 (External link).

Lippmann, J. and Millar, I. (2022). Severe carbon monoxide poisonings in scuba divers: Asia-Pacific cases and causation. Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine: Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc, [online] 49(3), pp.341–353. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36001567/ (External link) [Accessed 18 Jul. 2023].

Lippmann, J. and Taylor, D.M. (2020). Scuba diving fatalities in Australia 2001 to 2013: Chain of events. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 50(3), pp.220–229. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm50.3.220-229 (External link).

Peden, A.E. and Franklin, R.C. (2019). Causes of distraction leading to supervision lapses in cases of fatal drowning of children 0–4 years in Australia: A 15-year review. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 56(3), pp.450–456. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14668 (External link).

Peden, A.E. and Franklin, R.C. (2019). Exploring flood-related unintentional fatal drowning of children and adolescents aged 0–19 years in Australia. Safety, 5(3), p.46. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/safety5030046 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Leggat, P.A. (2016). International travelers and unintentional fatal drowning in Australia—a 10 year review 2002–12. Journal of Travel Medicine, 23(2), pp.1-7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/tav031 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Leggat, P.A. (2016). The hidden tragedy of rivers: a decade of unintentional fatal drowning in Australia. PLOS ONE, [online] 11(8), p.e0160709. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160709 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Leggat, P.A. (2017). Alcohol and its contributory role in fatal drowning in Australian rivers, 2002–2012. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 98, pp.259–265. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.10.009 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Leggat, P.A. (2018). Exploring visitation at rivers to understand drowning risk. Injury Prevention, 25(5), pp.392–399. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042819 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Leggat, P. (2018). Preventing river drowning deaths: Lessons from coronial recommendations. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 29(2), pp.144–152. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.24 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C., Leggat, P. and Aitken, P. (2017). Causal pathways of flood related river drowning deaths in Australia. PLoS Current Disasters. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.dis.001072490b201118f0f689c0fbe7d437 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C., Mahony, A.J., Scarr, J. and Barnsley, P.D. (2017). Using a retrospective cross-sectional study to analyse unintentional fatal drowning in Australia: ICD-10 coding-based methodologies verses actual deaths. BMJ Open, 7(12), p.e019407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019407 (External link).

Peden, A.E., Franklin, R.C. and Pearn, J.H. (2017). Unintentional fatal child drowning in the bath: A 12-year Australian review (2002-2014). Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 54(2), pp.153–159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13688 (External link).

Peden, A., Franklin, R., Pearn, J. and Mahony, A. (2019). Unintentional Bathtub Drowning Deaths Among Those Aged 65 Years and Older in Australia. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 11(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare.11.03.02 (External link).

Peden, A., Franklin, R. and Willcox-Pidgeon, S. (2019). Media reporting of summer drowning: A partial picture, useful for advocacy. [online] Health Promotion Journal of Australia, pp.491–496. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hpja.297 (External link) [Accessed 23 Aug. 2023].

Peden, A.E., Williamson, S., Fozard, F., Hanly, M. and Möller, H. (2023). The effect of the ‘Swim Reaper’ program on water safety awareness, drowning mortality and morbidity among males aged 15–34 years in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Journal of Safety Research. [online] doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2023.11.006 (External link).

Peden, A.E. and Willcox-Pidgeon, S. (2020). Autism spectrum disorder and unintentional fatal drowning of children and adolescents in Australia: an epidemiological analysis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 105(9), pp.869–874. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-318658 (External link).

Peden, A., Willcox-Pidgeon, S., Scarr, J.-P. and Franklin, R. (2023). Lessons learned through the 20-year development of a national fatal drowning database in Australia. BMC Public Health, 23(1499). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16392-2 (External link).

Petrass, L.A. and Blitvich, J. (2016). Understanding Contributing Factors to Child Drownings in Public Pools in Australia: a Review of National Coronial Records. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 10(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare (External link).10.01.03.

Richardson, K. and Peden, A.E. (2021). Another gender data gap: female drowning in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Injury Prevention, 27(6), pp.535–541. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044072 (External link).

Royal Life Saving Society - Australia (2014). Royal Life Saving National Drowning Report 2014. [online] Royal Life Saving Society - Australia. Available at: https://www.royallifesaving.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/32689/RLS_NDR2014_LR.pdf (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Royal Life Saving Society – Australia (2020). Royal Life Saving National Drowning Report 2020. [online] Sydney: Royal Life Saving Society – Australia . Available at: https://www.royallifesaving.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/33861/RLS_NationalDrowningReport2020LR-FINAL.pdf (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Strasiotto, L., Ellis, A., Daw, S. and Lawes, J.C. (2022). The role of alcohol and drug intoxication in fatal drowning and other deaths that occur on the Australian coast. Journal of Safety Research, 82, pp.207–220. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2022.05.012 (External link).

Strasiotto, L., Ellis, A., Daw, S. and Lawes, J.C. (2023). Public holiday and long weekend mortality risk in Australia: A behaviour and usage risk analysis for coastal drowning and other fatalities. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, [online] 47(3), p.100054. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100054 (External link).

Strasiotto, L., Ellis, A., Daw, S. and Lawes, J.C. (2024). Coastal mortality burden on school holidays 2004–2021: an Australian perspective. Injury Prevention. [online] doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2023-045064 (External link).

Surf Life Saving Australia (2015). National Coastal Safety Report 2014. [online] Sydney: Surf Life Saving Australia. Available at: https://issuu.com/surflifesavingaustralia/docs/ncsr_2014 (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Surf Life Saving Australia (2018). National Coastal Safety Report 2018. [online] Sydney: Surf Life Saving Australia. Available at: https://issuu.com/surflifesavingaustralia/docs/ncsr-2018 (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Surf Life Saving Australia (2020). National Coastal Safety Report 2020. [online] Surf Life Saving Australia. Available at: https://issuu.com/surflifesavingaustralia/docs/ncsr_2020_rgb_issuu_final (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Surf Life Saving Queensland (2018). Coast Safe Report 2018. [online] Surf Life Saving Queensland. Available at: https://issuu.com/slsq/docs/coast_safe_report_2018 (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Wallis, B.A. (2015). Drowning in Queensland children and adolescents 0-19yrs 2002-2008: incidence, risk factors and interventions. [online] Available at: https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:374509 (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Willcox-Pidgeon, S., Miller, L., Leggat, P.A., Peden, A.E., Brander, R.W., Wilks, J. and Franklin, R.C. (2023). The characteristics of drowning among different types of international visitors to Australia and how this contributes to their drowning risk. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, p.100050. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100050 (External link).

Drugs and alcohol

Asare-Doku, W., Settumba Stolk, S., Peacock, A., Shakeshaft, A., Waller, E., Nathan, S., Craig, A., Economidis, G., Ravulo, J., Meo-Sewabu, L., D'Este, C., Thapa, P., Abbott, T., Satour, T., Tulele, L., Wilson, K., Tyson, D., Doran, C., Mhey-Rivas, T., Macpherson, G., Lynch, M., Taylor, S., Santo, T., Graham, D., Baillie, G., Tran, A., Aiken, A., Harwood, E., Turner, A., Reeve, R., Degenhardt, L., & Farrell, M. (2023). Monitoring and evaluation of the kava pilot program. [online] National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW.
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Borruso, L.D., Buckley, N.A., Kirby, K.A., Carter, G., Pilgrim, J.L. and Chitty, K.M. (2018). Acute Alcohol Co-Ingestion and Hospital-Treated Deliberate Self-Poisoning: Is There an Effect on Subsequent Self-Harm? Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 49(1), pp.293–302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12443 (External link).

Brett, J., Gillies, M.B., Buckley, N.A., Pearson, S.-A. and Zoega, H. (2023). Patterns of sub-optimal antipsychotic use and misuse in Australia: What can routinely collected data tell us?. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15821 (External link).

Brett, J., Wylie, C.E., Raubenheimer, J., Isbister, G.K. and Buckley, N.A. (2019). The relative lethal toxicity of pharmaceutical and illicit substances: A 16‐year study of the Greater Newcastle Hunter Area, Australia. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 85(9), pp.2098–2107. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14019 (External link).

Buckley, N., Calear, A., Cairns, R., Reily, N., Tang, S., McCallum, S. and Christensen, H. (2022). Independent expert report on the risks of intentional self-poisoning with paracetamol. [online] Therapeutic Goods Administration. Available at: https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/publication/publications/independent-expert-panel-report (External link) [Accessed 12 Jul. 2023].

Cairns, R., Brown, J.A., Lynch, A.-M., Robinson, J., Wylie, C. and Buckley, N.A. (2016). A decade of Australian methotrexate dosing errors. Medical Journal of Australia, [online] 204(10). doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja15.01242 (External link)

Cairns, R., Brown, J.A., Wylie, C.E., Dawson, A.H., Isbister, G.K. and Buckley, N.A. (2019). Paracetamol poisoning‐related hospital admissions and deaths in Australia, 2004–2017. Medical Journal of Australia, 211(5), pp.218–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50296 (External link).

Cairns, R., Schaffer, A.L., Ryan, N., Pearson, S. and Buckley, N.A. (2018). Rising pregabalin use and misuse in Australia: trends in utilization and intentional poisonings. Addiction, 114(6), pp.1026–1034. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14412 (External link).

Campbell, G., Darke, S., Zahra, E., Duflou, J., Shand, F. and Lappin, J. (2020). Trends and characteristics in barbiturate deaths Australia 2000–2019: a national retrospective study. Clinical Toxicology, 59(3), pp.224–230. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2020.1789653 (External link).

Channell, J. and Schug, S. (2024). Comparative Overdose Mortality, Morbidity and Abuse of Common Prescription Opioids. Research Square. doi:https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4269986/v1 (External link).

Chiew, A.L., Raubenheimer, J.E., Berling, I., Buckley, N.A., Becker, T., Chan, B. and Brett, J. (2022). Just ‘nanging’ around – harmful nitrous oxide use: a retrospective case series and review of Internet searches, social media posts and the coroner’s database. Internal Medicine Journal, 52(10), pp.1724–1732. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.15391 (External link).

Chitty, K.M., Buckley, N.A., Lim, J., Ali, Z., Schumann, J.L., Cairns, R., Daniels, B., Pearson, S.A., Preen, D.B. and Schaffer, A.L. (2023). Psychotropic and other medicine use at time of death by suicide: a population‐level analysis of linked dispensing and forensic toxicology data. Medical Journal of Australia, 219(2), pp.63–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51985 (External link).

Chitty, K.M., Schumann, J.L., Moran, L.L., Chong, D.G., Hurzeler, T.P. and Buckley, N.A. (2020). Reporting of alcohol as a contributor to death in Australian national suicide statistics and its relationship to post‐mortem alcohol concentrations. Addiction, 116(3), pp.506–513. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15180 (External link).

Chong, D.G., Buckley, N.A., Schumann, J.L. and Chitty, K.M. (2020). Acute alcohol use in Australian coronial suicide cases, 2010–2015. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 212, p.108066. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108066 (External link).

Churruca, K. and Mitchell, R. (2017). Exploring coronial determination of intent for poisoning-related deaths in Australia, 2001–2013. BMC Public Health, 18(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4633-9 (External link).

Crossin, R., Cleland, L., Beautrais, A., Witt, K. and Boden, J.M. (2022). Acute alcohol use and suicide deaths: an analysis of New Zealand coronial data from 2007-2020. The New Zealand Medical Journal, [online] 135(1558), pp.65–78. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35834835/ (External link) [Accessed 7 Mar. 2023].

Darke, S., Chrzanowska, A., Campbell, G., Zahra, E. and Lappin, J. (2021). Barbiturate‐related hospitalisations, drug treatment episodes, and deaths in Australia, 2000‒2018. Medical Journal of Australia. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51306 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Chrzanowska, A., Yuen, W.S., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2024). Characteristics, toxicology and major organ pathology of deaths due to acute alcohol toxicity in Australia, 2011–2022. Drug and Alcohol Review. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13817 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M., Hall, W. and Lappin, J. (2024). A retrospective study of the characteristics and toxicology of cases of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)‐ and psilocybin‐related death in Australia. Addiction. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16518 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2023). A descriptive coronial study of heroin toxicity deaths in Australia, 2020-2022: Characteristics, toxicology and survival times. Addiction [online] doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16377 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Farrell, M., Peacock, A. and Lappin, J. (2020). Characteristics and circumstances of death related to the self‐administration of ketamine. Addiction, 116(2), pp.339–345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15154 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J. and Kaye, S. (2017). Prevalence and nature of cardiovascular disease in methamphetamine-related death: A national study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 179, pp.174–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.001 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Kaye, S., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2019). Psychostimulant Use and Fatal Stroke in Young Adults. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 64, pp.1421-1426. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14056 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Chrzanowska, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2022). Clinical characteristics of fatal cocaine toxicity in Australia, 2000–2021. Drug and Alcohol Review, 42(3), pp.503-742. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13581 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Chrzanowska, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2022). Rates, characteristics and toxicology of cocaine-related deaths in Australia, 2000–2021. Addiction. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16055 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2019). Characteristics and circumstances of death related to new psychoactive stimulants and hallucinogens in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 204, p.107556. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107556 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2022). Characteristics of fatal tapentadol‐related toxicity in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Review, 41, pp.1071-1077. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13462 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2023). Characteristics and circumstances of cocaine-related completed suicide in Australia, 2000–2021. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 244, p.109803. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109803 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2024). Differences in heroin overdose deaths in Australia by age, 2020-2022: disease and estimated survival times. Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports, [online] p.100217. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100217 (External link).

Darke, S., Farrell, M., Duflou, J., Larance, B. and Lappin, J. (2019). Circumstances of death of opioid users being treated with naltrexone. Addiction, [online] 114(11), pp.2000–2007. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14729 (External link).

Darke, S., Kaye, S. and Duflou, J. (2017). Rates, characteristics and circumstances of methamphetamine-related death in Australia: a national 7-year study. Addiction, 112(12), pp.2191–2201. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13897 (External link).

Darke, S., Kaye, S., Duflou, J. and Lappin, J. (2018). Completed Suicide Among Methamphetamine Users: A National Study. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 49(1), pp.328–337. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12442 (External link).

Darke, S., Peacock, A., Duflou, J., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2022). Characteristics of fatal ‘novel’ benzodiazepine toxicity in Australia. Forensic Science International, 331, p.111140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111140 (External link).

Darke, S., Peacock, A., Duflou, J., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2022). Characteristics of fatal ‘novel’ synthetic opioid toxicity in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 232, p.109292. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109292 (External link).

Dertadian, G.C. and Tomsen, S. (2019). The case for a second safe injecting facility (SIF) in Sydney. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 32(2), pp.180-192. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2019.1689787 (External link).

Drummer, O.H. and Yap, S. (2016). The involvement of prescribed drugs in road trauma. Forensic Science International, 265, pp.17–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.050 (External link).

Fountain, J.S., Reith, D.M., Tomlin, A.M., Smith, A.J. and Tilyard, M.W. (2019). Deaths by poisoning in New Zealand, 2008–2013. Clinical Toxicology, 57(11), pp.1087–1094. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1582777 (External link).

Hopkins, R.E., Dobbin, M. and Pilgrim, J.L. (2018). Unintentional mortality associated with paracetamol and codeine preparations, with and without doxylamine, in Australia. Forensic Science International, 282, pp.122–126. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.026 (External link).

Kõlves, K., Koo, Y.W. and de Leo, D. (2020). A drink before suicide: analysis of the Queensland Suicide Register in Australia. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796020000062 (External link).

Mantinieks, D., Archer, M.S., Schumann, J., Drummer, O.H. and Gerostamoulos, D. (2023). Methylamphetamine toxicity and its involvement in death: A retrospective observational study of deaths reported to the Victorian Coroner, Australia. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-023-00724-0 (External link).

Mantinieks, D., Parsons, S., Schumann, J., Drummer, O.H., Crump, K., Baber, Y., Archer, M.S. and Dimitri Gerostamoulos (2024). A retrospective review of methylamphetamine detected in child deaths reported to the Victorian Coroner, Australia. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00778-8 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L., Dorward, R. and Drummer, O.H. (2016). Drug-caused deaths in Australian medical practitioners and health-care professionals. Addiction, 112(3), pp.486–493. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13619 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L. and Drummer, O.H. (2013). The toxicology and comorbidities of fatal cases involving quetiapine. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology, 9(2), pp.170–176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-012-9404-4 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L., Gerostamoulos, D. and Drummer, O.H. (2014). The prevalence of duloxetine in medico-legal death investigations in Victoria, Australia (2009–2012). Forensic Science International, 234, pp.165–173. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.11.009 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L., Woodford, N. and Drummer, O.H. (2013). Cocaine in sudden and unexpected death: A review of 49 post-mortem cases. Forensic Science International, 227(1-3), pp.52–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.037 (External link).

Pilgrim, J.L., Yafistham, S.P., Gaya, S., Saar, E. and Drummer, O.H. (2014). An update on oxycodone: lessons for death investigators in Australia. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology, 11(1), pp.3–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-014-9624-x (External link).

Rahman, S., Trussell, A., Pearson, S., Buckley, N.A., Karanges, E.A., Cairns, R., Litchfield, M., Todd, A. and Gisev, N. (2021). Trends in transdermal fentanyl utilisation and fatal fentanyl overdose across Australia (2003–2015). Drug and Alcohol Review, 41(2), pp.435–443. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13391 (External link).

Roxburgh, A., Burns, L., Drummer, O.H., Pilgrim, J., Farrell, M. and Degenhardt, L. (2013). Trends in fentanyl prescriptions and fentanyl-related mortality in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Review, 32(3), pp.269–275. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.12033 (External link).

Roxburgh, A., Hall, W.D., Burns, L., Pilgrim, J., Saar, E., Nielsen, S. and Degenhardt, L. (2015). Trends and characteristics of accidental and intentional codeine overdose deaths in Australia. The Medical Journal of Australia, [online] 203(7), p.299. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja15.00183 (External link).

Roxburgh, A., Hall, W.D., Dobbins, T., Gisev, N., Burns, L., Pearson, S. and Degenhardt, L. (2017). Trends in heroin and pharmaceutical opioid overdose deaths in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 179, pp.291–298. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.018 (External link).

Roxburgh, A., Hall, W.D., Gisev, N. and Degenhardt, L. (2019). Characteristics and circumstances of heroin and pharmaceutical opioid overdose deaths: Comparison across opioids. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 205. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.035 (External link).

Roxburgh, A. and Nielsen, S. (2022). Twenty-year trends in pharmaceutical fentanyl and illicit fentanyl deaths, Australia 2001–2021. International Journal of Drug Policy, 109, p.103854. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103854 (External link).

Roxburgh, A., Pilgrim, J.L., Hall, W.D., Burns, L. and Degenhardt, L. (2018). Accurate identification of opioid overdose deaths using coronial data. Forensic Science International, 287, pp.40–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.03.032 (External link).

Santamarina, R., Caldicott, D., Fitzgerald, J. and Schumann, J.L. (2024). Drug-related deaths at Australian music festivals. International Journal of Drug Policy, [online] 123, p.104274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.104274 (External link).

Schumann, J., Perkins, M., Dietze, P., Nambiar, D., Mitra, B., Gerostamoulos, D., Drummer, O.H., Cameron, P., Smith, K. and Beck, B. (2021). The prevalence of alcohol and other drugs in fatal road crashes in Victoria, Australia. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 153, p.105905. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105905 (External link).

Smith-Merry, J., Fujita, K., Chen, T. and Baillie, A. (2022). Unintentional drug-related deaths in people with mental illness in NSW Australia, 2012–2016: a retrospective cohort study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 58, pp.239-248. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02280-4 (External link).

Stam, N.C., Gerostamoulos, D., Pilgrim, J.L., Smith, K., Moran, L., Parsons, S. and Drummer, O.H. (2018). An analysis of issues in the classification and reporting of heroin-related deaths. Addiction, 114(3), pp.504–512. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14486 (External link).

Stam, N.C., Gerostamoulos, D., Smith, K., Pilgrim, J.L. and Drummer, O.H. (2018). Challenges with take-home naloxone in reducing heroin mortality: a review of fatal heroin overdose cases in Victoria, Australia. Clinical Toxicology, 57(5), pp.325–330. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2018.1529319 (External link).

Stephenson, L., van den Heuvel, C., Humphries, M. and Byard, R.W. (2022). Characteristics of fatal insulin overdoses. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, 18(4), pp.429–441. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-022-00511-3 (External link).

Stephenson, L., van den Heuvel, C., Humphries, M., Scott, T. and Byard, R.W. (2023). Increased incidence of mixed drug toxicity deaths involving tapentadol – A forensic study. Medicine, Science and the Law. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024231183504 (External link).

Yap, S. and Drummer, O.H. (2015). Prevalence of new psychoactive substances in Victorian fatally-injured drivers. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 48(2), pp.230–243. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2015.1050066 (External link).

Health and medical

Bagnall, R.D., Weintraub, R.G., Ingles, J., Duflou, J., Yeates, L., Lam, L., Davis, A.M., Thompson, T., Connell, V., Wallace, J., Naylor, C., Crawford, J., Love, D.R., Hallam, L., White, J., Lawrence, C., Lynch, M., Morgan, N., James, P. and du Sart, D. (2016). A Prospective Study of Sudden Cardiac Death among Children and Young Adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 374(25), pp.2441–2452. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1510687 (External link).

Cantwell, K., Burgess, S., Patrick, I., Niggemeyer, L., Fitzgerald, M., Cameron, P., Jones, C. and Pascoe, D. (2014). Improvement in the prehospital recognition of tension pneumothorax: The effect of a change to paramedic guidelines and education. Injury, 45(1), pp.71–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2013.06.010 (External link).

Darke, S., Duflou, J., Kaye, S., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2019). Body mass index and fatal stroke in young adults: A national study. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 63, pp.1–6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2019.02.003 (External link).

Davie, G., Lilley, R., de Graaf, B., Dicker, B., Branas, C., Ameratunga, S., Civil, I., Reid, P. and Kool, B. (2021). Access to advanced-level hospital care: differences in prehospital times calculated using incident locations compared with patients’ usual residence. Injury Prevention, 28(2), pp.192–196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044351 (External link).

Duncan, J.R. and Byard, R.W. (2020). Determining the prevalence of sudden and unexplained death in childhood (SUDC): a national Australian perspective. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 135(3), pp.793–800. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02445-3 (External link).

Elliott, M., Williamson, R. and Endacott, R. (2024). Patient mortality and the neglect of vital signs’ assessment: An audit of a national coronial database. Nursing in Critical Care. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.13037 (External link).

Gipson, J.S., Wood, E.M., Cole-Sinclair, M.F., McQuilten, Z., Waters, N. and Woodford, N.W. (2017). Major haemorrhage fatalities in the Australian national coronial database. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 30(3), pp.382–388. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.12915 (External link).

Goeman, D.P., Abramson, M.J., McCarthy, E.A., Zubrinich, C.M. and Douglass, J.A. (2013). Asthma mortality in Australia in the 21st century: a case series analysis. BMJ Open, [online] 3(5). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3657652/ (External link) [Accessed 6 Mar. 2021].

Han, H., Parsons, S.A., Teh, A.W., Sanders, P., Neil, C., Leong, T., Koshy, A.N., Vohra, J.K., Kalman, J.M., Smith, K., O’Donnell, D., Hare, D.L., Farouque, O. and Lim, H.S. (2020). Characteristic Histopathological Findings and Cardiac Arrest Rhythm in Isolated Mitral Valve Prolapse and Sudden Cardiac Death. Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(7). doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.015587 (External link).

Hansen, D., Retegan, C., Woodford, N., Vinluan, J. and Beiles, C.B. (2015). Comparison of the Victorian Audit of Surgical Mortality with coronial cause of death. ANZ Journal of Surgery, 86(6), pp.437–441. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.13185 (External link).

Lappin, J.M., Darke, S., Duflou, J., Kaye, S. and Farrell, M. (2018). Fatal stroke in pregnancy and the puerperium. Stroke, 49(12), pp.3050–3053. doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.118.023274 (External link).

Lawson, G. (2015). Gynaecological laparoscopy deaths in Australia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 55(5), pp.477–481. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12369 (External link).

Lilley, R., de Graaf, B., Kool, B., Davie, G., Reid, P., Dicker, B., Civil, I., Ameratunga, S. and Branas, C. (2019). Geographical and population disparities in timely access to prehospital and advanced level emergency care in New Zealand: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 9(7), p.e026026. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026026 (External link).

Mitchell, R., Faris, M., Lystad, R., Fajardo Pulido, D., Norton, G., Baysari, M., Clay-Williams, R., Hibbert, P., Carson-Stevens, A. and Hughes, C. (2020). Using the WHO International Classification of patient safety framework to identify incident characteristics and contributing factors for medical or surgical complication deaths. Applied Ergonomics, 82, p.102920. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102920 (External link).

Mullins, R.J., Wainstein, B.K., Barnes, E.H., Liew, W.K. and Campbell, D.E. (2016). Increases in anaphylaxis fatalities in Australia from 1997 to 2013. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 46(8), pp.1099–1110. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.12748 (External link).

Panelli, R.J. and O’Brien, T.J. (2019). Epilepsy and seizure-related deaths: Mortality statistics do not tell the complete story. Epilepsy & Behavior, 98, pp.266–272. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.07.003 (External link).

Rivers-Kennedy, A.D., Byard, R.W., Van Den Heuvel, C., Quill, R. and Langlois, N.E.I. (2022). Investigating the source of fatal pulmonary thromboembolism in a coronial postmortem population. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, [online] 43(2), p.117. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000000746 (External link).

Sweeting, P., Finlayson, M. and Hartz, D. (2024). A review of modifiable healthcare factors contributing to inpatient suicide: An analysis of coroners’ reports using the Healthcare Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2024.05.008 (External link).

Indigenous Australians

Gibson, M., Kõlves, K., Ward, R., Leske, S. and Rachow, A. (2023). Racial discrimination and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander suicide mortality rates in Queensland. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. doi:https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3373286/v1 (External link).

Gibson, M., Leske, S., Ward, R., Weir, B., Russell, K. and Kõlves, K. (2024). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth suicide mortality and previous mental health, suicidality and service use in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2021. Journal of Affective Disorders, 354, pp.55–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.013 (External link).

Gibson, M., Stuart, J., Leske, S., Ward, R. and Tanton, R. (2021). Suicide rates for young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: the influence of community level cultural connectedness. Medical Journal of Australia, 214(11). doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51084 (External link).

Injury

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2018). Electrical injuries, deaths and hospitalisations 2014–15 and 2015–16, Summary. [online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/electrical-injuries-deaths-hospitalisations-14-16/summary (External link) [Accessed 27 Mar.2023].

Beck, B., Smith, K., Mercier, E., Gabbe, B., Bassed, R., Mitra, B., Teague, W., Siedenburg, J., McLellan, S. and Cameron, P. (2019). Differences in the epidemiology of out-of-hospital and in-hospital trauma deaths. PLOS ONE, 14(6), p.e0217158. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217158 (External link).

Coates, L., Kaandorp, G., Harris, J., Van Leeuwen, J., Avci, A., Evans, J., George, S., Gissing, A., van den Honert, R. and Haynes, K. (2019). Preventable residential fire fatalities in Australia July 2003 to June 2017. [online] Available at: https://www.bnhcrc.com.au/publications/biblio/bnh-5807 (External link) [Accessed 27 Mar. 2023].

Davie, G., Lilley, R., de Graaf, B., Ameratunga, S., Dicker, B., Civil, I., Reid, P., Branas, C. and Kool, B. (2021). Access to specialist hospital care and injury survivability: identifying opportunities through an observational study of prehospital trauma fatalities. Injury, 52(10), pp.2863–2870. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2021.03.033 (External link).

McDermott, K.M., Brearley, M.B., Hudson, S.M., Ward, L. and Read, D.J. (2017). Characteristics of trauma mortality in the Northern Territory, Australia. Injury Epidemiology, 4(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-017-0111-1 (External link).

McInnes, J.A., Cleland, H.J., Cameron, P.A., Darton, A., Tracy, L.M., Wood, F.M., Singer, Y. and Gabbe, B.J. (2019). Epidemiology of burn-related fatalities in Australia and New Zealand, 2009–2015. Burns, 45(7), pp.1553–1561. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2019.07.003 (External link).

Montoya Quesada, L.M. (2024). Relationship between prehospital time and 24-hour mortality following injury in patients with major trauma in New Zealand. [online] Available at: https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/67485 (External link) [Accessed 21 Feb. 2024].

Ogilvie, R., Curtis, K., Lam, M., McCloughen, A. and Foster, K. (2014). The burden of youth: major traumatic injury in adolescents and young adults managed in the Australian Capital Territory. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 21(5), pp.218–227. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/jtn.0000000000000068 (External link).

Rowbotham, S.K. and Blau, S. (2016). The circumstances and characteristics of fatal falls in Victoria, Australia: a descriptive study. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 49(4), pp.403–420. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2016.1194472 (External link).

Seah, R. and Mitchell, R.J. (2018). Applying a developmental lens to examine injury mortality in young people in Australia, 2001‐2013. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 30(3), pp.303–310. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.213 (External link).

Mental health

Arnautovska, U., McPhedran, S. and De Leo, D. (2015). Differences in characteristics between suicide cases of farm managers compared to those of farm labourers in Queensland, Australia. Rural and Remote Health, [online] 15(3). Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26390823/ (External link).

Australian Human Rights Commission (2014). Children’s Rights Report 2014. [online] Children’s Rights Report 2014. Australian Human Rights Commission. Available at: https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/childrens-rights/publications/childrens-rights-report-2014 (External link) [Accessed 23 Mar. 2023].

Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention (2020). Suicide in Queensland: Annual report 2020. [online] Griffith University. Available at: https://www.griffith.edu.au/griffith-health/australian-institute-suicide-research-prevention/research/qsr/annual-report-2020 (External link) [Accessed 17 Mar. 2023].

Burnett, A.C.R., Chen, N.A., McGillivray, L., Larsen, M.E. and Torok, M. (2021). Surveillance of suicide deaths involving gases in Australia using the National Coronial Information System, 2006 to 2017. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 45(3), pp.242–247. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.13087 (External link).

Burnett, A.C.R., Wong, Q., Rheinberger, D., Zeritis, S., McGillivray, L. and Torok, M.H. (2022). Suicide among hospitality workers in Australia, 2006–2017. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 57, pp.1039-1047. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02229-7 (External link).

Burnett, A.C.R., Wong, Q., Zeritis, S., Deady, M. and Torok, M. (2023). Occupational class suicide risk: 12-year study of national coronial data. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 222(6), pp.234–240. doi:https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2023.22 (External link).

Campbell, G., Darke, S., Degenhardt, L., Townsend, H., Carter, G., Draper, B., Farrell, M., Duflou, J. and Lappin, J. (2020). Prevalence and Characteristics Associated with Chronic Noncancer Pain in Suicide Decedents: A National Study. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 50(4), pp.778-791. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12627 (External link).

Chen, N.A., Mok, K., McGillivray, L., Konings, P., Passioura, J. and Torok, M. (2022). Hotel suicides in Australia 2006–2017. Crisis. doi:https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000888 (External link).

Cheung, Y.T.D., Spittal, M.J., Williamson, M.K., Tung, S.J. and Pirkis, J. (2013). Application of Scan Statistics to Detect Suicide Clusters in Australia. PLOS ONE, 8(1), p.e54168. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054168 (External link).

Cheung, Y.T.D., Spittal, M.J., Williamson, M.K., Tung, S.J. and Pirkis, J. (2014). Predictors of suicides occurring within suicide clusters in Australia, 2004–2008. Social Science & Medicine, 118, pp.135–142. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.08.005 (External link).

Chitty, K.M., Sperandei, S., Carter, G.L., Ali, Z., Raubenheimer, J.E., Schaffer, A.L., Page, A. and Buckley, N.A. (2023). Five healthcare trajectories in the year before suicide and what they tell us about opportunities for prevention: a population-level case series study. eClinicalMedicine, [online] 63, p.102165. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102165 (External link).

Churruca, K., Draper, B. and Mitchell, R. (2016). Varying impact of co-morbid conditions on self-harm resulting in mortality in Australia. Health Information Management Journal, 47(1), pp.28–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1833358316686799 (External link).

Clapperton, A., Law, P., Spittal, M. and Cutler, T. (2023). Railway suicide in Australia: an overview of incidents using data from a nationally representative coronial database. [online] The University of Melbourne. Available at: https://tracksafefoundation.com.au/resource/suicide-on-the-australian-railway-network-2015-2019/ (External link) [Accessed 14 Mar. 2024].

Doran, C.M. and Kinchin, I. (2020). Economic and epidemiological impact of youth suicide in countries with the highest human development index. PLOS ONE, 15(5), p.e0232940. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232940 (External link).

Harrison, J. and Henley, G. (2014). Suicide and hospitalised self-harm in Australia: trends and analysis. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/suicide-hospitalised-self-harm-in-australia/summary (External link) [Accessed 9 Aug. 2023].

Hill, N.T.M., Spittal, M.J., Pirkis, J., Torok, M. and Robinson, J. (2020). Risk factors associated with suicide clusters in Australian youth: Identifying who is at risk and the mechanisms associated with cluster membership. EClinicalMedicine, 29-30, p.100631. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100631 (External link).

Hill, N.T.M., Too, L.S., Spittal, M.J. and Robinson, J. (2020). Understanding the characteristics and mechanisms underlying suicide clusters in Australian youth: a comparison of cluster detection methods. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/s2045796020000645 (External link).

Jenkin, G. and Atkinson, J. (2021). Construction industry suicides: numbers, characteristics, and rates: report prepared for MATES in Construction NZ. [online] Wellington: University of Otago. Available at: https://mates.net.nz/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Construction-Industry-Suicides-Numbers-Characteristics-and-Rates-Report-prepared-for-MATES-in-Construction-NZ-August-2021.pdf (External link) [Accessed 11 Jul. 2023].

Kinchin, I. and Doran, C. (2018). The Cost of Youth Suicide in Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), p.672. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040672 (External link).

Kinchin, I. and Doran, C. (2017). The Economic Cost of Suicide and Non-Fatal Suicide Behavior in the Australian Workforce and the Potential Impact of a Workplace Suicide Prevention Strategy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(4), p.347. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14040347 (External link).

King, T., Alfonzo, L., LaMontagne, A. and Maheen, H. (2024). Variations in suicide rates among Australian male construction workers by country of birth. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, 49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101155 (External link).

King, T., Maheen, H. and LaMontagne, A. (2022). Suicide in the construction industry: 2001-2019. [online] The University of Melbourne. Available at: https://mates.org.au/media/documents/Melb-Uni-Construction-Suicide-2001-2019-Vol-V-August-2022-40pp-A4-2.pdf (External link) [Accessed 19 Jul. 2023].

King, T., Maheen, H., Taouk, Y. and LaMontagne, A.D. (2023). Suicide in the Australian mining industry: A national study. [online] The University of Melbourne. Available at: https://mates.org.au/media/documents/Suicide-in-the-Australian-Mining-Industry-Report-2023-%C6%92.pdf (External link) [Accessed 8 Apr. 2024].

King, T., Maheen, H., Taouk, Y. and LaMontagne, A. (2023). Suicide in the Australian mining industry: assessment of rates among male workers using 19 years of Coronial data. Safety and Health at Work, 14(2), pp.193-200. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2023.03.003 (External link).

Kuipers, P., Appleton, J. and Pridmore, S. (2013). Lexical analysis of coronial suicide reports: A useful foundation for theory building. Advances in Mental Health, 11(2), pp.197–203. doi:https://doi.org/10.5172/jamh.2013.11.2.197 (External link).

Law, P.C.F., Too, L.S., Hill, N.T.M., Robinson, J., Gould, M., Occhipinti, J.-A., Spittal, M.J., Witt, K., Sinyor, M., Till, B., Osgood, N., Prodan, A., Zahan, R. and Pirkis, J. (2022). A pilot case-control study of the social media activity following cluster and non-cluster suicides in Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), p.343. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010343 (External link).

Law, P.C.F., Too, L.S., Spittal, M.J., Pirkis, J. and Clapperton, A.J. (2024). Road vehicle collision suicide in Australia: Trends, collision types, and individual characteristics. PloS one, 19(4), pp.e0299590–e0299590. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299590 (External link).

Lawes, J.C., Peden, A.E., Bugeja, L., Strasiotto, L., Daw, S. and Franklin, R.C. (2021). Suicide along the Australian coast: Exploring the epidemiology and risk factors. PLOS ONE, 16(5), p.e0251938. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251938 (External link).

Leske, S., Kõlves, K., Crompton, D., Arensman, E. and Leo, D. de (2020). Real-time suicide mortality data from police reports in Queensland, Australia, during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, [online] 0(0). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30435-1 (External link).

Machlin, A., Pirkis, J. and Spittal, M.J. (2013). Which Suicides Are Reported in the Media – and What Makes Them ‘Newsworthy’?. Crisis, 34(5), pp.305–313. doi:https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000177 (External link).

Maheen, H., Dimov, S., Spittal, M.J. and King, T.L. (2021). Suicide in welfare support workers: a retrospective mortality study in Australia 2001–2016. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 78(5), pp.336–341. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2020-106757 (External link).

Maheen, H. and King, T. (2023). Suicide in first-generation Australian migrants, 2006–2019: a retrospective mortality study. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, [online] 39, p.100845. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100845 (External link).

Maheen, H., Taouk, Y., LaMontagne, A.D., Spittal, M. and King, T. (2022). Suicide trends among Australian construction workers during years 2001–2019. Scientific Reports, [online] 12(1), p.20201. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24575-x (External link).

Mansfield, D.R., Wasgewatta, S., Reynolds, A., Grandner, M.A., Tubbs, A.S., King, K., Johnson, M., Mascaro, L., Durukan, M., Paul, E., Drummond, S.P.A. and Perlis, M.L. (2022). Nocturnal wakefulness and suicide risk in the Australian population. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 83(4). doi:https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.21m14275 (External link).

Manuel, J., Crowe, M., Inder, M. and Henaghan, M. (2017). Suicide prevention in mental health services: A qualitative analysis of coroners’ reports. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 27(2), pp.642–651. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12349 (External link).

Milner, A. (2016). Suicide in the construction industry. [online] MATES in Construction. Available at: https://mates.org.au/media/documents/MIC-Annual-suicide-report-MIC-and-Deakin-University.pdf (External link) [Accessed 17 Aug. 2023].

Milner, A. and King, T. (2018). Men’s work, women’s work and suicide: a retrospective mortality study in Australia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 43(1), pp.27–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12859 (External link).

Milner, A.J., Maheen, H., Bismark, M.M. and Spittal, M.J. (2016). Suicide by health professionals: a retrospective mortality study in Australia, 2001–2012. Medical Journal of Australia, 205(6), pp.260–265. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja15.01044 (External link).

Milner, A., Maheen, H., Currier, D. and LaMontagne, A.D. (2017). Male suicide among construction workers in Australia: a qualitative analysis of the major stressors precipitating death. BMC Public Health, 17(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4500-8 (External link).

Milner, A., Niven, H. and LaMontagne, A. (2014). Suicide by occupational skill level in the Australian construction industry: data from 2001 to 2010. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 38(3), pp.281–285. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12205 (External link).

Milner, A., Witt, K., Maheen, H. and LaMontagne, A. (2017). Access to means of suicide, occupation and the risk of suicide: a national study over 12 years of coronial data. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1288-0 (External link).

Milner, A., Witt, K., Maheen, H. and LaMontagne, A.D. (2017). Suicide among emergency and protective service workers: A retrospective mortality study in Australia, 2001 to 2012. Work, 57(2), pp.281–287. doi:https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-172554 (External link).

Morgan, A.J., Roberts, R., Mackinnon, A.J. and Reifels, L. (2022). The effectiveness of an Australian community suicide prevention networks program in preventing suicide: a controlled longitudinal study. BMC Public Health, 22(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14331-1 (External link).

Petrie, K., Spittal, M., Zeritis, S., Phillips, M., Deady, M., Forbes, D., Bryant, R., Shand, F. and Harvey, S.B. (2022). Suicide among emergency service workers: a retrospective mortality study of national coronial data, 2001–2017. Psychological Medicine, pp.1–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722002653 (External link).

Petrie, K., Zeritis, S., Phillips, M., Chen, N., Shand, F., Spittal, M.J. and Harvey, S.B. (2023). Suicide among health professionals in Australia: A retrospective mortality study of trends over the last two decades. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, p.000486742211442. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674221144263 (External link).

Pridmore, S., Kuipers, P. and Appleton, J. (2013). The ‘Operationalized Predicaments of Suicide’ (OPS) applied to Northern Territory coroners’ reports. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 6(3), pp.214–217. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2012.12.003 (External link).

Robinson, J., Too, L.S., Pirkis, J. and Spittal, M.J. (2016). Spatial suicide clusters in Australia between 2010 and 2012: a comparison of cluster and non-cluster among young people and adults. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1127-8 (External link).

Ross, V., Koo, Y.W. and Kõlves, K. (2020). A suicide prevention initiative at a jumping site: A mixed-methods evaluation. EClinicalMedicine, p.100265. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100265 (External link).

Stefanac, N., Hetrick, S., Hulbert, C., Spittal, M.J., Witt, K. and Robinson, J. (2019). Are young female suicides increasing? A comparison of sex-specific rates and characteristics of youth suicides in Australia over 2004–2014. BMC Public Health, 19(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7742-9 (External link).

Sweeting, P., Finlayson, M. and Hartz, D. (2023). A comparison of inpatient suicides in Australian general and psychiatric hospital units between 2009 and 2018. Psychiatry Research, [online] p.115363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115363 (External link).

Too, L.S., Pirkis, J., Milner, A., Bugeja, L. and Spittal, M.J. (2016). Railway suicide clusters: how common are they and what predicts them? Injury Prevention, 23(5), pp.328–333. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042029 (External link).

Too, L.S., Spittal, M.J., Bugeja, L., McClure, R. and Milner, A. (2016). Individual and community factors for railway suicide: a matched case–control study in Victoria, Australia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(6), pp.849–856. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1212-9 (External link).

Too, L.S., Spittal, M.J., Bugeja, L., Milner, A., Stevenson, M. and McClure, R. (2015). An investigation of neighborhood-level social, economic and physical factors for railway suicide in Victoria, Australia. Journal of Affective Disorders, 183, pp.142–148. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.006 (External link).

Torok, M., Passioura, J., Konings, P., Wong, Q., Qian, J. and Larsen, M.E. (2023). A spatial analysis of suicide displacement at a high-risk cliff-based location following installation of a means restriction initiative. Prevention Science. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-023-01504-6 (External link).

Torok, M., Shand, F., Phillips, M., Meteoro, N., Martin, D. and Larsen, M. (2019). Data-informed targets for suicide prevention: a small-area analysis of high-risk suicide regions in Australia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 54(10), pp.1209–1218. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01716-8 (External link).

Townsend, H. (2023). The Imposition of a Coerced Autonomy: Suicidal ‘Bad Girls,’ Human Service Professionals, and Gender Bias. Affilia: Feminist Inquiry in Social Work. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/08861099231209760 (External link).

Townsend, H. (2024). ‘She Was Feeling Overwhelmed at Home Caring for Her Children’: Expectations of ‘Intensive Motherhood’ as a Risk Factor for Young Women’s Suicide. Violence Against Women. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012241265365 (External link).

WorkSafe New Zealand (2024). Work-related suicide: Examining the role of work factors in suicide. [online] WorkSafe New Zealand. Available at: https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/research/work-related-suicide-examining-the-role-of-work-factors-in-suicide/ (External link) [Accessed 3 Jun. 2024].

Natural environment

Coates, L., Haynes, K., Radford, D., D’Arcy, R., Smith, C., van den Honert, R. and Gissing, A. (2017). An analysis of human fatalities from cyclones, earthquakes and severe storms in Australia. [online] Melbourne: Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre. Available at: https://www.bnhcrc.com.au/publications/biblio/bnh-3568 (External link) [Accessed 16 Aug. 2023].

Coates, L., van Leeuwen, J., Browning, S., Gissing, A., Bratchell, J. and Avci, A. (2022). Heatwave fatalities in Australia, 2001–2018: An analysis of coronial records. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 67, p.102671. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102671 (External link).

Non-pharmaceutical substances

Darke, S., Zahra, E., Duflou, J., Peacock, A., Farrell, M. and Lappin, J. (2023). Characteristics and circumstances of volatile solvent misuse-related death in Australia, 2000–2021. Clinical Toxicology, pp.1–6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2023.2184243 (External link).

Sport and recreation

Brukner, P., Gara, T.J. and Fortington, L.V. (2018). Traumatic cricket-related fatalities in Australia: a historical review of media reports. Medical Journal of Australia, 208(6), pp.261-264. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00908 (External link).

Ekegren, C.L., Beck, B., Simpson, P.M. and Gabbe, B.J. (2018). Ten-Year Incidence of Sport and Recreation Injuries Resulting in Major Trauma or Death in Victoria, Australia, 2005-2015. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967118757502 (External link).

Fortington, L., Gamage, P., Cartwright, A. and Bugeja, L. (2021). Exertional heat fatalities in Australian sport and recreation. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 24(8), pp.787–792. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2021.04.007 (External link).

Fortington, L.V., McIntosh, A.S. and Finch, C.F. (2021). Injury deaths in Australian sport and recreation: Identifying and assessing priorities for prevention. PLOS ONE, 16(4), p.e0250199. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250199 (External link).

Lippmann, J. (2022). A review of snorkelling and scuba diving fatalities in Queensland, Australia, 2000 to 2019. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 52(2), pp.108–118. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm52.2.108-118 (External link).

Lippmann, J. and McD Taylor, D. (2020). Medical conditions in scuba diving fatality victims in Australia, 2001 to 2013. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal, 50(2), pp.98–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.28920/dhm50.2.98-104 (External link).

New Zealand Mountain Safety Council (2016). An exploration of outdoor recreation incidents in New Zealand. [online] New Zealand Mountain Safety Council. Available at: https://www.mountainsafety.org.nz/explore/there-and-back (External link) [Accessed 16 Mar. 2023].

New Zealand Mountain Safety Council (2018). A walk in the park? A deep dive into tramping incidents in New Zealand. [online] New Zealand Mountain Safety Council. Available at: https://www.mountainsafety.org.nz/explore/a-walk-in-the-park (External link) [Accessed 16 Mar. 2023].

Transport

Bambach, M.R. and Mattos, G.A. (2014). Head and Spine Injuries Sustained by Motorcyclists in Head-Leading Collisions With Fixed Roadside Objects. Traffic Injury Prevention, 16(2), pp.168–176. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2014.921289 (External link).

Beck, B., Cameron, P.A., Fitzgerald, M.C., Judson, R.T., Teague, W., Lyons, R.A. and Gabbe, B.J. (2017). Road safety: serious injuries remain a major unsolved problem. Medical Journal of Australia, 207(6), pp.244–249. doi:https://doi.org/10.5694/mja17.00015 (External link).

Chang, S.S.M., Symons, R.C.A. and Ozanne-Smith, J. (2018). Child road traffic injury mortality in Victoria, Australia (0–14 years), the need for targeted action. Injury, 49(3), pp.604–612. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2017.12.018 (External link).

Charters, K.E., Gabbe, B.J. and Mitra, B. (2018). Pedestrian traffic injury in Victoria, Australia. Injury, 49(2), pp.256–260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2017.12.014 (External link).

Kitching, F.A., Ozanne-Smith, J., Gibson, K., Clapperton, A. and Cassell, E. (2015). Deaths of older Australians related to their use of motorised mobility scooters. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 23(4), pp.346–350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2015.1047857 (External link).

Lilley, R., Lower, T. and Davie, G. (2017). Towards a harmonised approach to reducing quad-related fatal injuries in Australia and New Zealand: a cross-sectional comparative analysis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 41(5), pp.524–529. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12675 (External link).

Lower, T., Monaghan, N. and Rolfe, M. (2016). Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia. Safety, 2(2), p.12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/safety2020012 (External link).

Lower, T., Peachey, K. and Fragar, L. (2021). A descriptive review of quad‐related deaths in Australia (2011–20). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 46(20), pp.216-222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.13193 (External link).

Lower, T., Pollock, K. and Herde, E. (2013). Australian quad bike fatalities: what is the economic cost? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 37(2), pp.173–178. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12036 (External link).

Mcintosh, A.S., Patton, D.A., Rechnitzer, G. and Grzebieta, R. (2015). Injury mechanisms in fatal Australian quad bike incidents. Traffic Injury Prevention, 17(4), pp.386–390. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2015.1091073 (External link).

McKenna, K., Tovell, A. and Pointer, S. (2019). Mobility scooter-related injuries and deaths. [online] Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/mobility-scooter-injuries-deaths/summary (External link) [Accessed 16 Aug. 2023].

O’Hern, S. and Oxley, J. (2018). Fatal cyclist crashes in Australia. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(sup2), pp.S27–S31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.1497166 (External link).

Sarrami, P., Lemin, P., Balogh, Z., Singh, H., Assareh, H., Hall, B., Lassen, C., McDougall, D., Dale, K., Wullschleger, M. and Dinh, M. (2021). Are highway constructions associated with increased transport incidents? A case study of NSW Pacific Highway construction zones 2011-16. Journal of Road Safety, 32(1), pp.17–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.33492/JRS-D-20-0023 (External link)0.

Wundersitz, L., Doecke, S., Raftery, S. and Harrison, J. (2016). Quad bikes in South Australia: an investigation of their use, crash characteristics and associated injury risks. [online] Adelaide: SafeWork SA. Available at: https://casr.adelaide.edu.au/publications/list/?id=1605 (External link) [Accessed 10 Feb. 2023].

Workplace and farming

NCIS data is used to inform annual reporting from Safe Work Australia (External link) regarding work-related deaths. See Core funder publications for further information.

Ehsani, J.P., McNeilly, B., Ibrahim, J.E. and Ozanne-Smith, J. (2013). Work-related fatal injury among young persons in Australia, July 2000–June 2007. Safety Science, 57, pp.14–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.01.012 (External link).

Lilley, R., Davie, G., Horsburgh, S., McNoe, B. and Driscoll, T. (2023). Societal burden of work on injury deaths in New Zealand, 2005–14: An observational study. SSM - Population Health, 21, p.101353. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101353 (External link).

Lilley, R., Davie, G., McNoe, B., Horsburgh, S., Driscoll, T.R. and Cryer, C. (2022). Impact of legislative reform on worker fatalities in New Zealand workplaces: a 30-year retrospective population-level analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 79, pp.602-609. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2021-108054 (External link).

Lilley, R., Maclennan, B., McNoe, B.M., Davie, G., Horsburgh, S. and Driscoll, T. (2020). Decade of fatal injuries in workers in New Zealand: insights from a comprehensive national observational study. Injury Prevention, 27, pp.124-130. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043643 (External link).

Lingard, H., Cooke, T. and Gharaie, E. (2013). The how and why of plant-related fatalities in the Australian construction industry. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 20(4). doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-09-2011-0085 (External link).

Lower, T. (2015). Mapping work health and safety risks in the primary industries. [online] Canberra: Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. Available at: https://agrifutures.com.au/product/mapping-work-health-and-safety-risks-in-the-primary-industries/ (External link) [Accessed 15 Aug. 2023].

Lower, T., Monaghan, N. and Rolfe, M. (2016). Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia. Safety, 2(2), p.12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/safety2020012 (External link).

Lower, T. and Peachey, K.-L. (2020). RSHA03 Identifying and prioritising WHS overlaps across the Agriculture and Fisheries Sectors. [online] Rural Safety & Health Alliance. Available at: https://rsha.com.au/activities/ (External link) [Accessed 22 Jul. 2024].

Lower, T., Peachey, K. and Rolfe, M. (2022). Farm‐related injury deaths in Australia (2001–20). Australian Journal of Rural Health, 31, pp.52-60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12906 (External link).

Lower, T. and Pollock, K. (2017). Financial considerations for health and safety in the Australian dairy industry. Journal of Agromedicine, 22(2), pp.131–139. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2017.1283279 (External link).

Lower, T., Pollock, K. and Herde, E. (2013). Australian quad bike fatalities: what is the economic cost? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 37(2), pp.173–178. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12036 (External link).

Lower, T., Rolfe, M. and Monaghan, N. (2017). Non-intentional farm injury fatalities in NSW, Australia, 2001–2015. Public Health Research & Practice, 27(5). doi:https://doi.org/10.17061/phrp2751746 (External link).

Lower, T., Rolfe, M. and Monaghan, N. (2017). Trends and patterns in unintentional injury fatalities in Australian agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 23(2), pp.139–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.13031/jash.12091 (External link).

Lower, T. and Temperley, J. (2018). Farm safety - Time to act. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 29(2), pp.167–172. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.166 (External link).

Monaghan, N., Lower, T. and Rolfe, M. (2017). Fatal Incidents in Australia’s Older Farmers (2001–2015). Journal of Agromedicine, 22(2), pp.100–108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2017.1282907 (External link).

Peachey, K., Lower, T. and Rolfe, M. (2020). Protecting the future: Fatal incidents on Australian farms involving children (2001‐2019). Australian Journal of Rural Health, 28(4), pp.385–393. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12650 (External link).

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